Quick Access Wallet

The Quick Access Wallet feature, available from Android 11, allows the user to access payment cards and relevant passes directly from the power menu. Major use cases include selecting the appropriate payment method before performing a transaction at an NFC terminal and quickly accessing flights and other passes for upcoming events.

In Android 12 or higher, the Quick Access Wallet feature is available from the shade as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.

Quick Access Wallet feature in shade — **Figure 1.** Quick Access Wallet feature (device locked).

In Android 11, the feature is available from the power menu as shown in Figure 3.

**Figure 3.** Quick Access Wallet feature in power menu.

Requirements

Your device must have NFC to use the Quick Access Wallet feature. The feature binds to QuickAccessWalletService of the default NFC payment app, which means that the device must also support NFC host-based card emulation (HCE).

Feature overview

There are two parts to the Quick Access Wallet: the Quick Access Wallet UI and the Quick Access Wallet card provider.

In Android 12 or higher, the Wallet UI runs in System UI and is located in frameworks/base/packages/SystemUI/src/com/android/systemui/wallet. In Android 11, the Wallet UI, which is located in platform/packages/apps/QuickAccessWallet, must be installed and whitelisted.

The Quick Access Wallet card provider is the default NFC payment app. Users can have multiple NFC payment apps installed simultaneously, but only the default NFC payment app can show cards on the power menu. You can specify which NFC payment app is set as the default initially, but users can select a different app in Settings. If only one NFC payment app is installed, it becomes the default automatically (see CardEmulationManager).

Implementation

To provide cards to the Quick Access Wallet UI, NFC payment apps must implement QuickAccessWalletService. Payment apps must include a manifest entry advertising the service.

To ensure that only the System UI can bind to QuickAccessWalletService, the NFC payment app must require the android.permission.BIND_QUICK_ACCESS_WALLET_SERVICE permission. Requiring this permission ensures that only the System UI can bind to QuickAccessWalletService.

<service
     android:name=".MyQuickAccessWalletService"
     android:label="@string/my_default_tile_label"
     android:icon="@drawable/my_default_icon_label"
     android:logo="@drawable/my_wallet_logo"
     android:permission="android.permission.BIND_QUICK_ACCESS_WALLET_SERVICE">
     <intent-filter>
         <action android:name="android.service.quickaccesswallet.QuickAccessWalletService" />
         <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"/>
     </intent-filter>
     <meta-data android:name="android.quickaccesswallet"
          android:resource="@xml/quickaccesswallet_configuration" />
     <meta-data
          android:name="android.quickaccesswallet.tile"
          android:resource="@drawable/my_default_tile_icon"/>
</service>

Additional information about the wallet is included in the linked XML file:

<quickaccesswallet-service
   xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
   android:settingsActivity="com.example.android.SettingsActivity"
   android:shortcutLongLabel="@string/my_wallet_empty_state_text"
   android:shortcutShortLabel="@string/my_wallet_button_text"
   android:targetActivity="com.example.android.WalletActivity"/>

Next, the payment app must implement QuickAccessWalletService:

public class MyQuickAccessWalletService extends QuickAccessWalletService {

    @Override
    public void onWalletCardsRequested(
            GetWalletCardsRequest request,
            GetWalletCardsCallback callback) {
        GetWalletCardsResponse response = // generate response
        callback.onSuccess(response);
    }

    @Override
    public void onWalletCardSelected(SelectWalletCardRequest request) {
        // selecting a card should ensure that it is used when making an NFC payment
    }

    @Override
    public void onWalletDismissed() {
        // May un-select card if the wallet app has the concept of a 'default'
        // payment method
    }
}

If HostApduService starts to handle an NFC transaction and, as a consequence, starts an activity to display the progress and outcome of the payment, it should also try to get a reference to the bound QuickAccessWalletService and call QuickAccessWalletService#sendEvent with an event type of TYPE_NFC_PAYMENT_STARTED. This causes the Quick Access Wallet UI to be dismissed, thus allowing the user an unobstructed view of the payment activity.

For additional documentation on implementing QuickAccessWalletService, see QuickAccessWalletService and the TestQuickAccessWalletService CTS test.

Enable Quick Access Wallet UI in Android 11

To configure the Quick Access Wallet to be available from the power menu in Android 11, include the QuickAccessWallet target in the build and enable the globalactions.wallet plugin by adding the line in bold in the code sample below to the overlay/frameworks/base/packages/SystemUI/res/values/config.xml file.

<resources>
    ...
    <!-- SystemUI Plugins that can be loaded on user builds. -->
    <string-array name="config_pluginWhitelist" translatable="false">
        <item>com.android.systemui</item>
        <item>com.android.systemui.plugin.globalactions.wallet</item>
    </string-array>
</resources>

Specify the default NFC payment app in the settings configuration file using def_nfc_payment_component.

The default NFC payment app must expose QuickAccessWalletService to provide cards to the Quick Access Wallet. If the default NFC payment app doesn't export this service, the wallet UI is hidden.

QuickAccessWalletService implementation details

QuickAccessWalletService has three abstract methods that must be implemented: onWalletCardsRequested, onWalletCardSelected, and onWalletDismissed. The sequence diagram below illustrates a call sequence when the Quick Access Wallet is viewed immediately preceding an NFC payment.

Quick Access Wallet sequence diagram

**Figure 4.** Example call sequence when Quick Access Wallet is viewed.

Not all views of the Quick Access Wallet are followed by an NFC payment, but Figure 4 above illustrates all of the capabilities of QuickAccessWalletService. In this example, the Quick Access Wallet card provider implements the elements outlined in blue. It's assumed that payment cards are stored on the device in a database and are accessed through an interface named PaymentCardManager. It's further assumed that an activity called PaymentActivity displays the result of an NFC payment. The flow proceeds as follows:

The user performs a gesture to bring up the Quick Access Wallet.
The Quick Access Wallet UI (part of System UI) checks the package manager to see if the default NFC payment app exports QuickAccessWalletService.
- If the service isn't exported, the Quick Access Wallet isn't displayed.
The Quick Access Wallet UI binds to the QuickAccessWalletService and calls onWalletCardsRequested. This method takes a request object containing data about the number and size of the cards that can be provided and a callback. The callback can be called from a background thread.
QuickAccessWalletService computes the cards that it wants to show, then calls the onSuccess method on the provided callback. It's recommended that the service perform these actions on a background thread.
As soon as the cards are displayed, the System UI notifies QuickAccessWalletService that the first card has been selected by calling onWalletCardSelected.
- onWalletCardSelected is called every time the user selects a new card.
- onWalletCardSelected might be called even if the currently selected card hasn't changed.
When the user dismisses the Quick Access Wallet, the System UI notifies QuickAccessWalletService by calling onWalletDismissed.

In the above example, the user brings the phone into range of an NFC payment terminal while the wallet is being displayed. A key component of handling NFC payments is HostApduService, which must be implemented to process APDUs provided by the NFC reader (for more information, see Host-based card emulation). It's assumed that the payment app starts an activity to display the progress and result of the interaction with the NFC terminal. However, the Quick Access Wallet UI is displayed on top of the app window, meaning that the payment activity is obscured by the Quick Access Wallet UI. To rectify this, the app must notify the System UI that the Quick Access Wallet UI should be dismissed. It can do so by getting a reference to the bound QuickAccessWalletService and calling sendWalletServiceEvent with the event type TYPE_NFC_PAYMENT_STARTED.

QuickAccessWalletService sample implementation

/** Sample implementation of {@link QuickAccessWalletService} */
@RequiresApi(VERSION_CODES.R)
public class MyQuickAccessWalletService extends QuickAccessWalletService {

  private static final String TAG = "QAWalletSvc";
  private ExecutorService executor;
  private PaymentCardManager paymentCardManager;

  @Override
  public void onCreate() {
    super.onCreate();
    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
      Log.w(TAG, "Should not run on pre-R devices");
      stopSelf();
      return;
    }
    executor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
    paymentCardManager = new PaymentCardManager();
  }

  @Override
  public void onDestroy() {
    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
      return;
    }
    executor.shutdownNow();
  }

  @Override
  public void onWalletCardsRequested(
      @NonNull GetWalletCardsRequest request, @NonNull GetWalletCardsCallback callback) {
    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
      return;
    }
    executor.submit(
        () -> {
          List<PaymentCard> paymentCards = paymentCardManager.getCards();
          int maxCards = Math.min(paymentCards.size(), request.getMaxCards());
          List<WalletCard> walletCards = new ArrayList<>(maxCards);
          int selectedIndex = 0;
          int cardWidthPx = request.getCardWidthPx();
          int cardHeightPx = request.getCardHeightPx();
          for (int index = 0; index < maxCards; index++) {
            PaymentCard paymentCard = paymentCards.get(index);
            WalletCard walletCard =
                new WalletCard.Builder(
                        paymentCard.getCardId(),
                        paymentCard.getCardImage(cardWidthPx, cardHeightPx),
                        paymentCard.getContentDescription(),
                        paymentCard.getPendingIntent())
                    .build();
            walletCards.add(walletCard);
            if (paymentCard.isSelected()) {
              selectedIndex = index;
            }
          }
          GetWalletCardsResponse response =
              new GetWalletCardsResponse(walletCards, selectedIndex);
          callback.onSuccess(response);
        });
  }

  @Override
  public void onWalletCardSelected(@NonNull SelectWalletCardRequest request) {
    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
      return;
    }
    executor.submit(
        () -> paymentCardManager.selectCardById(request.getCardId()));
  }

  @Override
  public void onWalletDismissed() {
    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
      return;
    }
    executor.submit(() -> {
      paymentCardManager.removeCardOverrides();
    });
  }
}

For further details about QuickAccessWalletService, see QuickAccessWalletService API reference.

Permissions

The manifest entry for QuickAccessWalletService must require the android.permission.BIND_QUICK_ACCESS_WALLET_SERVICE permission introduced in Android 11. This is a signature-level permission held by the System UI, which means that only the System UI process can bind to implementations of QuickAccessWalletService. Be aware that side-loaded apps can claim this permission and get full access to QuickAccessWalletService data on devices running Android 10 or lower. To prevent this, it's recommended that the service check the build version in onCreate and enable the service only on devices running Android 11 and higher. No other app permissions are required beyond those necessary to provide host card emulation payment services.

If the default NFC payment app doesn't implement or export QuickAccessWalletService, the Quick Access Wallet UI isn't displayed.

Settings in Android 12

To enable or disable the Quick Access Wallet from the lock screen, users can use the Show wallet toggle in Settings > Display > Lock screen. To disable the wallet in the shade, users must manually edit it in the quick settings shade.

Toggle to enable or disable wallet from lock screen

Figure 5. Show wallet toggle in the Lock screen page in Settings.

Settings in Android 11

Users can turn off the Quick Access Wallet feature from the Settings app. The settings page is found in Settings > System > Gestures > Cards & passes.

**Figure 6.** Settings page to enable or disable the Quick Access Wallet feature.

Customization

Add Quick Access Wallet view to another location in System UI

The Quick Access Wallet UI is built as a system plugin. Although the AOSP implementation makes use of it in GlobalActionsDialog (shown on long power press), you can move the feature behind a different gesture as long as you maintain the contract specified by the plugin interface.

public interface GlobalActionsPanelPlugin extends Plugin {

  /** Invoked when the view is shown */
  PanelViewController onPanelShown(Callbacks callbacks, boolean deviceLocked);

  /** Callbacks for interacting with the view container */
  interface Callbacks {
    /** Dismisses the view */
    void dismissGlobalActionsMenu();

    /** Starts a PendingIntent, dismissing the keyguard if necessary. */
    void startPendingIntentDismissingKeyguard(PendingIntent pendingIntent);
  }

  /** Provides the Quick Access Wallet view */
  interface PanelViewController {

    /** Returns the QuickAccessWallet view, which may take any size */
    View getPanelContent();

    /** Invoked when the view is dismissed */
    void onDismissed();

    /** Invoked when the device is either locked or unlocked. */
    void onDeviceLockStateChanged(boolean locked);
  }
}

The Quick Access Wallet UI implements GlobalActionsPanelPlugin and PanelViewController. GlobalActionsDialog gets an instance of the wallet plugin by using com.android.systemui.Dependency:

GlobalActionsPanelPlugin mPanelPlugin =
    Dependency.get(ExtensionController.class)
        .newExtension(GlobalActionsPanelPlugin.class)
        .withPlugin(GlobalActionsPanelPlugin.class)
        .build()
        .get();

After checking that the plugin is non-null and that the PanelViewController returned by onPanelShown is non-null, the dialog attaches the View provided by getPanelContent to its own View and provides appropriate callbacks for system events.

// Construct a Wallet PanelViewController.
// `this` implements GlobalActionsPanelPlugin.Callbacks
GlobalActionsPanelPlugin.PanelViewController mPanelController =
    mPanelPlugin.onPanelShown(this, !mKeyguardStateController.isUnlocked());

// Attach the view
FrameLayout panelContainer = findViewById(R.id.my_panel_container);
FrameLayout.LayoutParams panelParams =
    new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
        FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
        FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT);
panelContainer.addView(mPanelController.getPanelContent(), panelParams);

// Respond to unlock events (if the view can be accessed while the phone is locked)
keyguardStateController.addCallback(new KeyguardStateController.Callback() {
  @Override
  public void onUnlockedChanged() {
    boolean unlocked = keyguardStateController.isUnlocked()
        || keyguardStateController.canDismissLockScreen();
    mPanelController.onDeviceLockStateChanged(unlocked);
  }
});

// Implement GlobalActionsPanelPlugin.Callbacks
@Override
public void dismissGlobalActionsMenu() {
  dismissDialog();
}
@Override
public void startPendingIntentDismissingKeyguard(PendingIntent pendingIntent) {
  mActivityStarter.startPendingIntentDismissingKeyguard(pendingIntent);
}

// Notify the wallet when the container view is dismissed
mPanelController.onDismissed();

To remove the Quick Access Wallet from the power menu, omit the QuickAccessWallet target from the system build. To remove the Quick Access Wallet from the power menu but add it to a different System UI provided view, include the build target and remove references to the GlobalActionsPanelPlugin from GlobalActionsImpl.

Set default configurations

Android 12

In Android 12 or higher, the Quick Access Wallet is always visible in the quick settings shade. Visibility of the Quick Access Wallet in the lock screen is gated by the following secure setting: LOCKSCREEN_SHOW_WALLET. This setting controls whether the Quick Access Wallet icon is shown on the bottom right of the lock screen. This setting is set to true by default, but can be turned off by the user in Settings > Display > Lock screen > Show wallet.

Android 11

In Android 11, Quick Access Wallet visibility is gated by two secure settings: GLOBAL_ACTIONS_PANEL_ENABLED and GLOBAL_ACTIONS_PANEL_AVAILABLE. The AVAILABLE setting controls whether the feature can be turned on and off in Settings. This setting is set to true by WalletPluginService. If QuickAccessWallet isn't included in the build, then the setting remains false. The ENABLED setting is set to true by default in the same place, but can be turned off by the user in Settings. To change the default behavior, modify WalletPluginService#enableFeatureInSettings.

Validation

To validate your implementation of the Quick Access Wallet, run CTS and manual tests. Changes to the plugin should also exercise the included robolectric tests.

CTS tests

Run the CTS tests located at cts/tests/quickaccesswallet.

Manual tests for Android 12

Testing the core features of the Quick Access Wallet requires an NFC payment terminal (real or fake) and an NFC payment app that implements QuickAccessWalletService (wallet app). Core features that must be tested include: availability, zero state, card selection, and lock screen behavior.

Availability

If the default NFC payment app doesn't support the feature, the Quick Access Wallet isn't accessible in neither the quick settings nor the lock screen.
If the default NFC payment app supports the feature, the Quick Access Wallet is accessible in the quick settings shade.
If the default NFC payment app supports the feature and if the LOCKSCREEN_SHOW_WALLET setting is true, the Quick Access Wallet is accessible on the lock screen.
If the default NFC payment app supports the feature and if the LOCKSCREEN_SHOW_WALLET setting is false, the Quick Access Wallet isn't accessible on the lock screen.

Zero state

If QuickAccessWalletService is enabled and exported but doesn't provide any cards, the tile in the Shade appears as shown in the example in Figure 7. Clicking on the tile opens the default NFC payment app.

Figure 7. Example tile in the shade showing default NFC payment app.
Clicking on the empty state view as shown in Figure 8 opens the default NFC payment app. This empty state view is displayed only when the user has one card left in the wallet, removes the card from the card detail page, and then goes back to the wallet view.
The lock screen shows the wallet icon.

Empty state view in the Quick Access Wallet

Figure 8. Empty state view in the Quick Access Wallet UI.

Non-zero state

If the wallet app provides one or more cards, the tile in the shade appears as shown in Figure 9.

Figure 9. Example tile in the shade when wallet app has one or more cards.
Clicking on the tile shows a card carousel.
The lock screen shows a button that opens the Quick Access Wallet.

Figure 10. Quick Access Wallet UI with a card displayed.
If the displayed card represents an NFC payment method, holding the phone to an NFC payment terminal results in that payment method being used and the wallet view is dismissed.
Clicking on a displayed card opens the detailed activity for that card.
If multiple cards are provided by QuickAccessWalletService, the user is able to swipe between cards.
The overflow menu contains one entry: open the lock screen settings so that the user can change the Show wallet option.

Lock state tests

If the phone is locked, the wallet is visible on the quick settings shade, with a description of Add a card if no card exists in the default payment app, or unlock to use if cards exist in the default payment app.
If the phone is locked, wallet visibility on the lock screen is controlled by the Secure.LOCKSCREEN_SHOW_WALLET setting, which is controlled in Settings.
If the phone is locked, LOCKSCREEN_SHOW_WALLET is false, and no card exists in the default NFC payment app, the wallet isn't displayed on the lock screen.
If the phone is locked, LOCKSCREEN_SHOW_WALLET is true, and no card exists in the default NFC payment app, the wallet isn't displayed on the lock screen.
If the phone is locked, LOCKSCREEN_SHOW_WALLET is true, and cards exist in the default NFC payment app, the wallet is displayed on the lock screen.
Unlocking the phone while the wallet is being displayed on the lock screen results in the cards being requeried, which might result in different card content.

Accessibility tests

Talkback users can navigate the wallet view by swiping left and right and by listening to the content descriptions of the cards.
Swiping left and right with Talkback enabled selects each card in turn. Talkback users can select and use an NFC payment method at an NFC payment terminal.

Manual tests for Android 11

Testing the core features of the Quick Access Wallet requires an NFC payment terminal (real or fake) and an NFC payment app that implements QuickAccessWalletService (wallet app). Core features that must be tested include availability, zero state, card selection, and lock screen behavior.